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针对现有能见度仪测量误差显著、环境扰动敏感、校准方法复杂的问题，设计了一种轻量化、低成本且集成校准一体式与窗口污染在线监测功能的高精度前向散射式能见度仪。该仪器同步采集风速、降水量、相对湿度和温度等气象参数，通过多元线性回归模型动态补偿反演能见度值。室外长期实验结果表明，该样机与Vaisala PWD50能见度仪15 min相对误差在10～2 000 m、2 000～10 000 m和10 000～25 000 m区间分别小于±5%、±10%和±15%，环境补偿后整体误差降低约32%，决定系数（R2）由0.977 8提升至0.990 1。验证了该能见度仪在多变气象条件下具有良好的稳定性和测量精度，能够满足自动气象站、海上平台及交通安全监测等场景的高精度应用需求。
Abstract：To address the issues of existing visibility meters, such as significant measurement errors, sensitivity to environmental disturbances, and complex calibration procedures, a high-precision forward scattering visibility meter with lightweight design, low cost, integrated calibration function, and online window contamination monitoring is proposed. The instrument simultaneously acquires meteorological parameters—wind speed, precipitation, relative humidity, and temperature—and employs a multiple linear regression model to dynamically compensate the inverted visibility values. Long-term outdoor experiments demonstrate that the prototype's 15-minute relative errors compared to the Vaisala PWD50 are within ±5%, ±10%, and ±15% for the 10-2 000 m, 2 000-10 000 m, and 10 000-25 000 m ranges, respectively. After environmental compensation, the overall error is reduced by approximately 32%, and the coefficient of determination(R2) increases from 0. 977 8 to 0. 990 1. These results verify that the sensor exhibits excellent stability and measurement accuracy under variable meteorological conditions, and can meet the high-precision application requirements of scenarios such as automatic weather stations, offshore platforms, and traffic safety monitoring.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:P415.33
引用信息:
[1]姜涛,高世交,李鹏,等.高精度前向散射式能见度仪设计[J].中国科技论文,2025,20(10):835-845.